John Shalf, a short-haired person wearing a white collared shirt, speaking at an event.

Devices and complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology

Advanced manufacturing and integration

Architecture

Programming models

Quantum materials research and discovery

 Two researchers in clean suits stand on opposite ends of a large machine. Pink, green, and blue square patterns. Each square is a chip with microscopic transistors and circuits. Small orange and blue lights repeated in a wave pattern. Orange and gold microchip artistic rendering. purple repeating pattern Artistic rendering of a light nearing an electric material. Blue microchip circuit lines. Green microchips lined up in an artistic rendering. Skewed view of the exterior decorative panels of a super computer. Interior view of a super computer. Abstract blue connection lines. Abstract image of colorful computer codes streaming into a horizon line. Artistic figure of dots and colorful lines on top of a dark background. Gloved hands holding a square microchip. Perlmutter super computer at Berkeley Lab. Colorful scientific image A scientist works at the computer with machinery in the foreground at the Center for X-Ray Optics. Patrick Naulleau, a short-haired person wearing a red button up shirt against a gray background.

Some analysts say that the end of Moore’s Law is near, but Patrick Naulleau, the director of Berkeley Lab’s CXRO, says that it could be decades before the modern chip runs out of room for improvement, thanks to advances in materials and instrumentation enabled by the CXRO.

Berkeley Lab staff scientist Maurice Garcia-Sciveres is leading a collaboration with UC Berkeley and Sandia National Laboratories to develop powerful light-sensing microchips. The team is leveraging their expertise in nano-materials and integrated circuit design to develop new materials and techniques for smaller, faster, and more energy-efficient microelectronics that can be used to address societal challenges.

Berkeley Lab scientists are exploring ways to make energy-efficient microchips and push the boundaries of what’s possible in a world increasingly integrated with technology.

 Artistic depiction of electron transfer driven by an ultrashort laser pulse, across an interface between two atomically-thin materials. A 2D material sample that is held within an ultrahigh vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe microscope. Electron microscope images show the precise atom-by-atom structure of a barium titanate (BaTiO3) thin film sandwiched between layers of strontium ruthenate (SrRuO3) metal to make a tiny capacitor. Photo of gloved handed adjusting a quantum fridge with gloved hands and instruments. CPU desktop with the contacts facing up lying on the motherboard of the PC. the chip is highlighted with blue light. Technology background Kristin Persson, a brown-haired person wearing a black dress, points at her electrolyte genome 3D visualizations.